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A total of 19 employees have received the 2023 Director’s Awards, which recognize employees who have exemplified the core values, issues, strategies, and goals of the Judiciary, as expressed in its Strategic Plan.

The recipients were nominated by colleagues based on career achievements and contributions to specific projects that have benefited their home courts and the federal Judiciary as a whole.

The awards are “part of a longstanding tradition of recognizing outstanding performance, innovation, and dedication by employees throughout the Judiciary each year,” said Judge Roslynn R. Mauskopf, director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts. 

Eight awards were granted, some to multiple employees, in three areas: Outstanding Leadership, Excellence in Judiciary Services, and the Director’s Award for Extraordinary Actions.

The Director’s Award for Outstanding Leadership is given to managerial employees who have demonstrated exceptional leadership of a project of national significance. This can include exhibiting exemplary stewardship of resources; fostering innovations that improve service; increasing workforce productivity and conserving resources; promoting public access to and awareness of the role of the Judiciary; promoting safety and security, including cybersecurity; and enhancing public trust in the Judiciary.

Director’s Awards for Excellence in Judiciary Services recognize employees who have made specific contributions to improve efficiency, operations, or effectiveness. This may include outstanding contributions in areas such as administration, technology, court support, safety and security/cybersecurity, and legal services.

The annual award program had been suspended since 2020 because of COVID-19 disruptions. Here are the 2023 Director’s Award winners and their achievements.

Outstanding Leadership

Aleksandr Usherenko, programmer and systems administrator for the Eastern District of New York, has helped devise a process that automatically feeds case outcomes into the FBI’s National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) for firearms-purchaser background checks.

Under Usherenko’s leadership, the court developed software to extract case-disposition forms in all criminal cases from the Judiciary’s Case Management/Electronic Case Files (CM/ECF) system and associated data from the Probation and Pretrial Services Automated Case Tracking System (PACTS) to create a package containing case, counts, PDF document(s), FBI number, Bureau of Prisons number, and other identifying information. The package is sent to the Department of Justice (DOJ).   

The DOJ matches the data received from the court and individual DOJ agencies with appropriate FBI systems to improve the ease and accuracy of criminal instant background checks.

His work, done in collaboration with the Justice Department, FBI, and the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (AO), has laid the foundation for a national pilot study involving eight to 10 district courts. Usherenko has developed software to simplify adoption by other courts, and the system could eventually help all 94 district courts meet the Judiciary’s obligations under the Fix NICS Act, which Congress enacted in 2018.

“The development of the Fix NICS program is a notable example of all three branches of the federal government working together to serve the American public,” wrote Brenna B. Mahoney, clerk of court for the Eastern District of New York (EDNY). “The system that Aleksandr Usherenko designed and developed will improve how case disposition information is collected and managed as part of the judicial process. … It will help to ensure the accuracy of the information that is used in background checks and NICS checks.”

Mahoney added that Usherenko “was able to build this necessary system while still performing his responsibilities as the only programmer in the EDNY, one of the largest and busiest district courts in the country.”

Excellence in Judiciary Services

Kate Padbury, former supervisory staff attorney and current assistant circuit executive for court administration for the Fifth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals, and Adriana Dieringer, supervisory staff attorney for the Fifth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals, greatly increased the court’s efficiency in processing cases, even as the office was reducing staff.

“By thinking outside the box and applying critical thinking to longstanding procedures, Kate and Adriana developed a well thought out plan,” wrote Kim B. Tycer, senior staff attorney for the Fifth Circuit, who nominated Padbury and Dieringer. “The results were miraculous.”

When Padbury and Dieringer assumed leadership of a new Quick Response Team, in late 2021, the court had 1,172 pending cases, which required an average of 12 months to process. By July 2022, the number of pending cases had fallen to 652, a decrease of 44 percent. Average processing time fell to four months.  

Working from a broad concept laid out by Tycer, Padbury and Dieringer developed case-specific checklists that enabled the team to use a streamlined writing process for select case types.  They identified case types amenable to the new process and worked to eliminate unnecessary language from the memoranda prepared for the court.  Padbury and Dieringer managed a team of 10 attorneys who used the checklists to more efficiently address the relevant legal issues in each case.  

“Simply put, Kate and Adriana replaced the lengthy, time-consuming briefing process with a technology-based, comprehensive checklist,” Tycer wrote. “The Quick Response Team’s success enabled the Staff Attorney’s Office to keep pace with the court and provide timely justice to all. … Kate and Adriana’s superior leadership directly caused these outstanding results.”

Excellence in Judiciary Services

The CHAP Development and Support Team, of the District of Utah Bankruptcy Court, has provided national development and support to bankruptcy judges and courts with a streamlined, flexible interface for calendaring and managing cases. During the pandemic, the CHAP Team assisted nine new courts in adopting the browser-based software while also delivering new features to increase security and support public access to virtual hearings.

The court, which developed the Chambers Automation Program (CHAP) locally, was tasked in 2008 by the Judicial Conference Information Technology Committee to make the software available to other bankruptcy courts. Today, 200 judges in 62 bankruptcy courts manage their work and court calendars using CHAP. Additionally, 38 courts use the ChapMobile App (available in iOS and Android) to provide on-demand court calendars to the public.

“Over the past three years, the Judiciary has faced numerous unprecedented challenges that have resulted in an extraordinary workload increase for the CHAP Team,” wrote Joel T. Marker, chief judge of the District of Utah Bankruptcy Court, who submitted the nomination. “The CHAP Team’s dedication to going the extra mile places them in a league of their own.”

In addition to calendaring, judges and law clerks can create bench memos, notes, and access case dockets and claims registers. Being fully integrated with the CM/ECF system, it also enables courts to offer attorneys the ability to self-schedule hearings 24/7 within specified blocks of time.

“I hesitate to think where we would have been in trying to keep operating seamlessly during the pandemic (which I believe we achieved) without CHAP,” wrote Mary Ann Whipple, chief judge for the Northern District of Ohio Bankruptcy Court, in a letter supporting the nomination.

A total of 11 staff members were named as recipients of the Director’s Award. They were Brenda Dowler, CHAP support and training manager; Jonathon Hair, CHAP product/software development manager; and nine members of the CHAP development and support team: Heather Aslett, Nancy Carter, Kent Crockett, Andrew Groenewold; David Lemmon, Ian McMurray, Jeffrey Middleton, Scott Thackeray, and Jared Vanderhoff.

Excellence in Judiciary Services

Vanessa Armstrong, director of financial integrity for the Sixth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals, provides assistance and training to courts and federal public defender offices (FPDOs) in the Sixth Circuit and elsewhere in the Judiciary with audit preparation, financial and budget management, self-assessments, internal controls, process improvement, travel policy, and other areas related to management of public funds.

“The position is the only one of its kind in the Judiciary,” wrote Marc Theriault, Sixth Circuit executive, who nominated Armstrong. “Under Vanessa’s leadership, the position has become an integral support mechanism for Judiciary employees responsible for finance, budget, procurement, and internal controls. Since its inception, the program has grown from a circuit-wide position to one that has national reach.”

Armstrong, who previously served as district court clerk of court for the Western District of Kentucky, assumed her current position in January 2021.

She emails weekly updates and hosts online conversations with the AO subject matter experts. Armstrong credits the talent of and collaboration with AO employees for her ability to bring information to her constituents.

More than 1,000 Judiciary employees have signed up for Armstrong’s weekly updates, and her training videos were viewed 2,000 times in the previous year, Theriault wrote. Online conversations regularly have hundreds of viewers, on such topics as accountable-officer liability, self-assessments and cyclical audits, procurement, budget, and tenant alteration/cyclical maintenance delegations.

“Vanessa’s work is entirely focused on helping court units and FPDOs throughout the circuit (and in practice, the entire Judiciary).” Theriault wrote. “Vanessa’s work simplifying complex issues and explaining how to implement best practices to court users and FPDOs in a collaborative manner is the epitome of ‘Excellence in Judiciary Services.’”

Excellence in Judiciary Services

Victor M. Rodriguez, IT support specialist for the Middle District of Florida, created a comprehensive mobile application providing judges and employees with essential security contact information and critical notifications in the event of weather emergencies, court closures, and other urgent situations.

“This app will greatly assist the district in keeping the judges and employees of the Middle District of Florida informed and therefore safer,” wrote Elizabeth M. Warren, clerk of court for the Middle District of Florida, who nominated Rodriguez. “The Middle District of Florida courthouses handle numerous elevator entrapments, weather emergencies, and various downtown safety issues during and after hours. But the affected judges and employees rarely have security contact information at their fingertips during a time of need, resulting in preventable stress and potential danger.”

By using the location data captured on cell phones, the app can display an interactive contact card with phone numbers for local U.S. Marshals, court security, and Federal Protective Services offices whenever employees are at or near the courthouse. Rodriguez carefully designed the security application so it can easily be retooled to help other districts disseminate security information. The application is compatible with both iOS and Android devices, ensuring a wider reach and accessibility for a wide array of users.

“Mr. Rodriguez is a shining example of what the Judiciary can accomplish with hard work, ingenuity, and dedication,” Warren wrote. “Mr. Rodriguez’s unwavering dedication, technical skills, and refinements finalizing the MDFL app have demonstrated to our court that he is an exceptional employee within the Judiciary both now and for future project initiatives.”

Extraordinary Actions

Kadi Murray, intensive supervision specialist for the Middle District of Florida Pretrial Services Office, successfully prevented a suicide by a defendant who was under supervision and awaiting trial.

“Her willingness to go above and beyond the call of duty prevented an outcome that could have been devastating for the defendant and his family,” wrote Suzanne Arwady, deputy chief pretrial services officer for the Middle District of Florida, who nominated Murray.

After midnight on Oct. 6, 2022, Murray received an alert that a defendant under location monitoring supervision had traveled outside of their residence without prior approval. She immediately began calling the defendant and his family to try and determine his whereabouts. Upon getting in touch with the defendant’s father, she was able to provide him with the defendant’s exact location using GPS mapping.

The defendant’s father arrived on the scene to find his son had doused himself in gasoline and handcuffed himself to the steering wheel of his vehicle with the intention of killing himself. Simultaneously, Murray called 911 and provided them with the defendant’s GPS coordinates while the defendant’s father described the situation to her. She worked with local law enforcement to have the defendant evaluated and taken to a hospital for medical attention.

“In our line of work, we often do not get a chance to see the impact we make on the lives of the people we supervise, but this situation demonstrates a direct example of how Intensive Supervision Specialist Kadi Murray made a difference and actually saved someone’s life,” Arwady wrote.

Extraordinary Actions

Brent Willoughby, probation officer for the Southern District of Ohio, helped a man under supervised release overcome his alcohol addiction, and also helped improve trust between supervisees and probation officers systemwide.

During a Jan. 21, 2023, mentoring session for people under supervision, the man whom Willoughby helped get sober credited him for saving his life and encouraged those in attendance to “give your probation officer a chance by working to develop a trusting, honest relationship. Officers are here to listen, assist, and support.”

The man explained how Willoughby answered his late-night plea for help, dropping everything to rush over to meet him at a bar, while he was still under the influence. Willoughby listened to his troubles and developed a creative solution to get him home safely and address his substance abuse issue moving forward. The next day, Willoughby was at the man’s front door ready to help him get admitted into a treatment program.

“The individual’s testimonial was so powerful that it generated great conversations with those in attendance about what is possible between individuals on supervision and their United States Probation Officers,” said Deborah Williams, former federal defender for the Southern District of Ohio, who also attended the program.

“As a result of Brent’s extraordinary actions, the … individual is no longer abusing alcohol, which reduces the probability of engaging in new criminal conduct,” wrote Chief Probation Officer Mark Grawe and Deputy Chief Probation Officer Lisa Dopp, for the Southern District of Ohio, who nominated Willoughby.

Extraordinary Actions

Auralea L. Prince, automation specialist for the Northern District of Ohio Bankruptcy Court, provided lifesaving CPR after a man’s car crashed outside her home, while she was teleworking.

On Dec. 2, 2022, in Dorset Ohio, Prince was participating in a virtual staff meeting when, “She saw a minivan race across her front yard and crash into a field next to her house, somehow narrowly missing two trees and a pasture fence,” wrote Donald P. Hinkson, deputy clerk for the Northern District of Ohio Bankruptcy Court, who nominated Prince.

She rushed outside to assess the situation and saw an older man get out of the car. When she called to the man asking if he was all right, he collapsed onto the highway. Prince hurried back to her house to dial 911 and ran back outside to help the collapsed man. Realizing he wasn’t breathing, she began administering CPR, continuing nearly 20 minutes.

When a volunteer firefighter took over CPR, Prince continued to update the 911 dispatcher. Ten minutes later, an ambulance crew arrived and was able to restore the man’s pulse using an AED, before taking him to a local hospital for further examination.

“Lee’s decisive actions in response to this medical emergency that unfolded in her front yard and while teleworking displayed her exceptional concern for the well-being of others and the preservation of life,” Hinkson wrote. “Putting her own personal safety at risk, she administered CPR in the middle of a state highway in an effort to save the life of a person she did not know.”

Related Topics: Awards & Honors

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Florida bankruptcy judges are on a mission to empower military veterans with financial literacy. During a series of events scheduled statewide, the judges have partnered with local legal and veterans service organizations to teach valuable skills for making educated financial decisions and avoiding deceptive credit traps.  

“We have a moral obligation to help our veterans,” said Bankruptcy Judge Laurel M. Isicoff, of the Southern District of Florida, who spearheaded the effort to design a statewide initiative to provide veterans with financial literacy counseling. “I come from a family of military service. These people put their lives at risk every day to protect us. This is a way for us to help our veterans and show them our gratitude for their service.”

On Nov. 4, over 20 veterans participated in a financial literacy program across South Florida. At the Legal Services of Greater Miami headquarters, Isicoff and a panel of financial legal experts kicked off the event by explaining how to manage personal finances with informed planning and decision-making. The discussion was simultaneously broadcast to event locations in Fort Lauderdale and Palm Beach.

Following the broadcast, each location hosted conversations with veterans about budgeting, credit and credit cards, effective financial management tools, student loans, bankruptcy, and rights against abusive debt collection practices. Veterans also received one-on-one consultations with pro-bono attorneys to help address their financial legal problems.

“I hope attendees leave these sessions with a greater sense of control over their finances,” Isicoff said. “Financial crisis is a common area of despair among the veteran community and can lead to depression and even worse, suicide. Providing them with the skills to make educated financial decisions is vital to their well-being.”

Isicoff was inspired to create the Veterans Financial Literacy Program, which is a joint effort between the Legal Services of Greater Miami, Broward Legal Aid, Legal Aid of Palm Beach, the Florida Bar Business Law Section, and the United Way’s Mission United, after collaborating with several bankruptcy judges on a special program for the veteran community in San Diego in 2020. 

This year, the project has gone statewide with support from bankruptcy judges in the Northern and Middle Districts of Florida. Additional veteran-focused financial literacy programs will be hosted on Dec. 9 at the VyStar Veterans Memorial Arena in Jacksonville and at the Clark Partington law offices in Pensacola. An event also is being planned in Tampa for spring 2024.  

“Just one seemingly small financial mistake can lead to lots of stress, health issues, and the bankruptcy court,” said Bankruptcy Judge Jacob A. Brown, of the Middle District of Florida, who is planning the upcoming event in Jacksonville. “We want to arm our veterans with the knowledge and skills necessary to make solid financial decisions that promote their financial stability and well-being.” 

Related Topics: Bankruptcy Courts, Public Education

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Federal jurors can fade to the background in popular courtroom dramas full of surprise witnesses and passionate sidebars, but they’re center stage in the real justice system.

“It’s not Hollywood,” said Kris Porter, a jury administrator in the Western District of Washington. “The stuff on TV shows is very different from the courtroom.”

When a summons could arrive in the mail any day, it helps to know what’s fact and what’s fiction about jury service. A federal judge, juror, and two jury administrators answered frequently asked questions about jury service to dispel misconceptions about serving on a jury. Their answers have been edited for clarity.

What is the role of a jury?

“Juries are collections of people drawn from the community, and they have the same role in all courts,” said Judge Edward M. Chen of the Northern District of California. “They’re charged with finding the facts, determining what happened, applying the instructions on the law given by the judge, and rendering a verdict.”

What are the qualifications to become a juror?

U.S. citizens who are at least 18 years old generally qualify for federal jury service, and no special training is required to become a juror, said Porter, a jury administrator in the Western District of Washington.

“All you have to do is listen and judge fairly,” Porter added. “Jury service is part of your civic duty, and the administration of justice can’t happen without the American public’s involvement in the jury process.”

How long do federal jury trials last, and how likely am I to be summoned?

“Most trials are only three to four days, and a very small percentage of Americans ever get the chance to serve on a jury,” said Anne Brabham, a jury administrator in the Northern District of Texas. “If you are summoned, you’re lucky. The jurors who do serve email us back and say, ‘I’m glad I did this.’”

Brabham added that courts are careful not to summon more jurors than are needed to select an impartial panel. “A frequent complaint I hear from jurors is, ‘I came in, just sat down, and wasted my time.’ I try to convey that each juror’s participation in the process is essential to our constitutional right to trial by jury. While cases often settle or defendants decide to enter pleas on the day of trial, the readiness of the jury may be the catalyst needed to bring the case to conclusion. We release jurors as quickly as possible to minimize the impact on their time.”

What is it like to serve as a juror?

“Before serving on a jury, I wasn’t fully aware of how the judge and jury work together,” said Diane Wilkinson, a juror in a recent trial in the Western District of Washington. “The judge’s instructions and decisions helped me have confidence in the process. It was also helpful to be reminded that our decision had to be based on the law, whether we agreed with it or not and whether we liked it or not. I am more convinced than ever that we are lucky to have jury trials in our nation, and jury service is our chance to contribute to our country.”

How do diverse juries serve justice?

“It’s important to have a jury of our peers – a breadth of views,” said Judge Chen. “It’s useful to have people from different perspectives in the same room because not all people have the same experience and see things the same way. There are studies that show the more representative jurors are, the more complete discussions they have.”

Why does jury service matter?

Jury service is a civic duty enshrined in the country’s founding documents and allows U.S. citizens to be direct participants in administering justice.

For Judge Chen, jury service “keeps the law close to the people.”

“Jury service is a part of democracy in action – people from the community sitting in judgment of people from the community,” Chen said. “Jury service is a valuable experience for jurors and essential to the courts. Jury service is their chance to contribute to our legal and justice system, and we need their voices and their collective judgment.”

For more information about this important public civic duty, visit the Jury Service section.  

Related Topics: Jury Service

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Michael Gans had recently joined the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals in 1983, as a deputy clerk of court, when a crisis threatened to reduce the court’s paper records to mush.   

Tipped off that water was pouring out of his courthouse in St. Louis, Gans raced back to the building, only to watch helplessly as safety sprinklers kept soaking the clerk’s office long after a small fire was extinguished.  

“The sprinklers ran for about five hours because they couldn’t find the shutoff valve,” recalled Gans. “All these paper files and docket sheets were under the sprinkler heads. We had to have everything freeze dried to try to save things.” 

Since that long-ago episode, almost everything about how appellate courts manage their records and administrative staff is different, and Gans is one of several longstanding clerks of court to have witnessed the transformation firsthand.  

“How we work has changed so dramatically,” said Gans. “I often say that if you could bring someone from the clerk’s office in 1920 into the same office in 1985, they would be able to sit down and do the job. But somebody who worked here in 2000 would not be able to do the work today.”  

Gans was promoted to clerk of court in August 1991, and with 32 years of service, he is the nation’s longest-tenured clerk of court for a federal court of appeals. His observations are echoed by peers in other appellate courts who joined the Judiciary in the early 1980s.  

“I came along at a time when there was a seismic shift beginning in clerk’s offices,” said Deborah Hunt, Sixth Circuit clerk of court. “It was starting to professionalize.” 

While methods have evolved, the clerks’ essential mission remains largely the same.  

“I sort of see myself as the person who has to know where everything is at any time and what everyone does,” said Mark Langer, who joined the D.C. Circuit in 1984 and has been clerk of court since 1995. “I have to know where things stand.” 

The federal law governing appellate clerks of courts was passed in 1948. However, such positions have existed since 1891, when Congress established the modern appellate system.

The federal Judiciary has 13 courts of appeals. Unlike district courts, which hear trials and testimony, appellate courts review lower-court decisions to make sure proceedings were fair and the law was applied correctly.  

Clerks of appellate courts are both managers and lawyers. In addition to maintaining records and managing administrative staff, they make legal decisions on many procedural matters. In the D.C. Circuit, Langer oversees a team of staff attorneys who assess legal filings.  

“We actually call it the legal division of the clerk’s office,” Langer said. “I read most of the work that the staff attorneys send to the court. If I have questions, I’ll call them and say, ‘Did you think about this?’” 

Most filings are routine, but emergency motions, such as for a stay in a death penalty case, can require attention at all hours.  

“High-profile cases and emergencies are so stressful,” Hunt said. “During COVID, it seemed like everyone had an emergency on Friday night, where if this doesn’t happen by Monday, the world will come to a screeching halt. It wasn’t just our court, it was every court.” 

All three clerks agree on the two greatest changes they have seen since the early 1980s. Information technology has eliminated most paper, and clerk’s offices manage their own budgets and operations. In earlier eras, even many small expenditures required approval by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (AO). 

“When I became clerk, I saw a slew of letters between my predecessor and the AO over a typewriter repair,” Gans recalled. “They finally agreed to spend $30 to repair this typewriter. And I wondered, what did that deputy clerk do for six weeks while they hashed out this $30 bill?” 

Hunt, based in Cincinnati, has been Sixth Circuit clerk of court since 2012. She also was clerk of a district court and bankruptcy court. Technology has revolutionized efficiency, but at her bankruptcy court, job attrition was painful.  

“I was literally reducing staff every year,” Hunt said. “That’s the most disheartening thing to have to do.”  

Each appellate court has its own history and culture. In the District of Columbia, Langer has served many judges who later joined the Supreme Court. His office has supplied extensive documentation for each confirmation process.  

“It’s both exciting and stressful,” Langer said. “It’s all hands on deck because so much information needs to be turned over to the White House and Senate. But you feel like you’re a little part of history when that happens.”  

The Eighth Circuit has been marked by continuity. Gans is just the fifth clerk of court in its 130-year history. And after 32 years, Gans still enjoys coming to work.  

“I still love the work and I love the people,” Gans said. “I’ve had many wonderful friends here, and we’ve always had a sense of family and team. Being able to provide a service not just to the court but also to the public, it really is important to me.”  

Related Topics: Appellate Courts

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Judge José A. Cabranes, of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, is the 2023 recipient of the Edward J. Devitt Distinguished Service to Justice Award. Cabranes will receive the award in a Sept. 26 ceremony at the U.S. Supreme Court.

The Devitt Award honors an Article III judge who has achieved a distinguished career and made significant contributions to the administration of justice, the advancement of the rule of law, and the improvement of society as a whole.

Recipients are chosen by a committee of federal judges. This year, the committee was chaired by U.S. Supreme Court Justice Brett M. Kavanaugh, and included Judge Britt C. Grant, of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, and U.S. District Judge Christopher R. Cooper, of the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia.

“Judge José Cabranes is a legend in the law,” Justice Kavanaugh said. “He has devoted his career to defending the rule of law, ensuring equal justice, and enhancing American education. He has worked hard to mentor young lawyers and serve others in need. He is a superb judge and extraordinary scholar. As a federal judge for the past 44 years, he has preserved the Constitution and protected individual liberty. He is well known for his brilliance, judgment, and wit.”

“It is an honor to receive this award,” Cabranes said in a statement. “The colleagues with whom I have been privileged to serve for more than four decades are models of the judicial craft. In their name, as well as my own, I express gratitude and reaffirm our commitment to the principle that animates our work – equal justice under law.”

According to a biography on the Second Circuit website, Cabranes was appointed to the U.S. District Court for the District of Connecticut in 1979. He was the first Puerto Rican appointed to the federal bench in the continental United States.

He was chief judge of the district court in 1994, when he was appointed to the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. In 2013, Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr., appointed Cabranes to serve also on the three-judge United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review.

In 1988, Cabranes was one of five federal judges appointed by Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist to the 15-member Federal Courts Study Committee, which was created by Congress “to examine problems facing the federal courts and develop a long-range plan for the future of the federal judiciary.”

Cabranes was born in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, and at the age of five moved with his family to the South Bronx. After attending public schools in New York City, he graduated from Columbia College in 1961 and Yale Law School in 1965. In 1967, he received a degree in international law from the University of Cambridge in England. 

Cabranes served in a New York City law firm and as special counsel to the governor of Puerto Rico. He was General Counsel of Yale University when he joined the federal bench.

According to a news release by the Dwight D. Opperman Foundation, which sponsors the Devitt Award, Cabranes was nominated for the honor by Chief Judge Debra A. Livingston, of the Second Circuit.

“Judge Cabranes has been the epitome of what a federal judge ought to be – a brilliant scholar, a wise jurist, and a generous colleague,” Livingston said. “He has made extraordinary contributions across multiple fields, each of which has strengthened the federal judiciary immeasurably.”

The Devitt Award is named for the late Edward J. Devitt, longtime chief judge of the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota. The award was established in 1982.

Related Topics: Awards & Honors

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Probation and pretrial services officers play a public safety role, monitoring individuals under supervision and ensuring they follow court orders. But unlike traditional law enforcement officers, they also focus on rehabilitation, a job that requires constant collaboration with non-profit organizations, local businesses, and government agencies.

“It takes more than just the probation office,” said Chief Probation Officer Kito J. Bess for the District of Minnesota. “We’re working with community members because, as the old saying goes, it does take a village.”

Highlighting how these offices and their community partners are stronger together is the goal of this year’s National Pretrial, Probation, and Parole Supervision Week, which is being observed from July 16-22 this year.

The goal of probation officers is to help individuals who have been convicted of federal crimes to fully reintegrate themselves into society. Many face a wide range of needs, including employment, mental health treatment and even getting a driver’s license after spending time in incarceration.

Bess said community partnerships start with identifying, sharing, and building on resources that are already available and can help people under supervision.

“We don’t need to reinvent the wheel,” Bess said. “There are a lot of resources out in the community, and we need to be able to tap into them.”

Working with community partners, the Minnesota district’s probation office connects individuals to peer-to-peer mentoring, substance use treatment, psychological care, and job training.

“We’re being part of the change process, not just supervising a defendant,” Bess said. “People under supervision are getting the support that they were lacking before, and that can make all the difference in the world.”

In Massachusetts, probation and pretrial services officers aim to ensure that people under supervision reenter their communities with a foundation for success. And from affordable housing to reliable transportation and a steady income, community partners help shore up that foundation.

“On a day-to-day basis, we’re helping people change their lives,” said Chief Probation Officer Ricardo R. Carter of the District of Massachusetts. “That really depends on the communities in which people under supervision live.”

The district’s partnerships with local cities and towns, nonprofit organizations and other groups have led to programs for people under supervision including job coaching, cognitive behavioral therapy, parenting resources, and affordable cars. These services better the lives and communities of people under supervision, an effect that Carter said can lead to more collaboration.

“When you’re out in the community and you’re celebrating some successes with cases, other people want to get involved,” Carter said.

Despite their focus on rehabilitation, the perception of probation and pretrial services offices as law enforcement agencies can make some community members reluctant to share resources. Carter said he hopes to correct that perception through forming more partnerships, talking to the community, and building buy-in from the public.

Whether they stem from the initiative of individual officers or office-wide outreach, community partnerships have been and continue to be essential to successful supervision.

“There are agencies out there that are doing amazing work,” Carter said. “Reach out – it’s a win-win for both of us.”

Related Topics: Probation and Pretrial Services

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The federal courthouse in Tallahassee, Florida will be named in honor of the late Judge Joseph W. Hatchett, a trailblazing jurist who was among the first African Americans appointed to the federal bench in the South.

The naming ceremony for the Joseph Woodrow Hatchett U.S. Courthouse and Federal Building will be held on June 30.

“Judge Hatchett was a role model for both the bench and the bar, a patriot who served the public with honor, humility, and integrity,” said Chief Judge William H. Pryor, Jr., of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. “Throughout his career, he was a trailblazer. Our court and nation owe him a debt of gratitude.”

Born in Clearwater in 1932, Hatchett was the youngest of five children. He grew up in poor segregated neighborhoods, attending all-black schools during the Jim Crow era. Hatchett’s father was a fruit picker and his mother was a maid. Both were devout Christians. They instilled in their children the importance of hard work and humility, said Hatchett’s grandson, Rashad Green, in an interview. In high school, Hatchett was athletic and studious, playing basketball all four years, joining the band program as a trombone player, and graduating second in his class.

At the onset of the Korean War, Hatchett enrolled in college at Florida A&M University in Tallahassee on a full academic scholarship. After graduating with a major in political science in 1954, he served in the army and was stationed in West Germany as an anti-aircraft lieutenant in the 73rd AAA Battalion. It was the first time Hatchett lived in a place free of segregation, Green said.

Realizing a career in the military was not for him, Hatchett was accepted into Howard University’s law school in 1956, taking the advice of a high school civics teacher who once told him, “America would change when the law changed,” the judge said in a 2018 interview.

After graduating and passing the Florida bar exam in 1959, Hatchett opened a law practice as the civil rights movement was gaining momentum. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was challenging discriminatory laws in courts across the country, and Hatchett partnered with the organization on several civil rights cases.

Hatchett often defended demonstrators arrested during civil disobedience actions and filed lawsuits against local governments and businesses in Florida to stop discriminatory policies. He was once chased down U.S. Highway 1 by members of the Ku Klux Klan as he drove away from a county jail, where he had posted bail for a client. Hatchett managed to outrun them in his car, he recalled in the 2018 interview.

Hatchett’s work got him noticed by the Justice Department. In 1966, he was asked to join the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Middle District of Florida. A year later, he became First Assistant U.S. Attorney.

In 1971, after Congress passed the Federal Magistrates Act of 1968, Hatchett became one of the first U.S. magistrate judges, serving in the Middle District of Florida. Four years later, he was tapped by former Florida governor Reubin Askew to join the Florida Supreme Court, making him the court’s first black justice. The following year, Hatchett made history again when he successfully defended his seat on the high court, becoming the first African American candidate to win a statewide election in Florida.  

In 1979, Hatchett was appointed by President Jimmy Carter to the U.S. Court of Appeals, leading to another career first, as the first African American to be appointed to the Fifth Circuit. He was reassigned to the Eleventh Circuit after legislation in 1981 divided the Fifth Circuit and created a new Eleventh. Hatchett served on the court for 20 years and was circuit chief judge from 1996 to 1999.

Hatchett retired from the bench in 1999 and continued to practice law. He died on April 30, 2021, at the age of 88.

“He demonstrated deep compassion for people, especially the less fortunate and oppressed, and he never lost sight of the role that the law and our courts can play in protecting the rights and lives of people,” said Eleventh Circuit Judge Charles R. Wilson, who clerked for Hatchett in 1981.

Hatchett received many honors during his career, including the American Bar Association’s Spirit of Excellence Award and the Florida Supreme Court Historical Society’s Lifetime Achievement Award.

Wilson said Hatchett helped pave the way for him and other lawyers who now practice in law firms, serve in government, or sit on the bench.

“Judge Hatchett had high expectations of his law clerks. And we didn’t want to disappoint him because we knew he had given us this rare and prominent opportunity that we might not otherwise have,” Wilson said. “As we received and carried out our assignments, we learned of his remarkable intellect, his sound judgment, and his unfailing and abiding faith in the law as an instrument to achieve justice.”

Related Topics: Courthouses, Judicial History

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While the landscape of court libraries has changed as new information technologies have reduced the need for books, court librarians still play a critical role in providing judges, law clerks and other Judiciary staff with legal resources used to support decision-making.

“Changing technology hasn’t changed what librarians do, but it has changed how we do it,” said Sue Creech, the circuit librarian for the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals.

This month, courts are marking the 75th anniversary of the creation of the circuit librarian position, a role that today makes possible a wide variety of services in the digital age. Librarians train court professionals to make effective use of databases and presentation tools, negotiate contracts for legal research services, plan and staff court civics and community outreach events, archive court historical data, produce news summaries, and monitor social media.

“We may not have the same foot traffic we once did in our physical locations, but library services are being used more than ever,” said Patricia Michalowskij, circuit librarian for U.S. courts for the District of Columbia Circuit.

During her 39-year career with the Judiciary, Creech said, she used to race to local law libraries to fax photocopied pages of rare law books to chambers staff. She recalls training law clerks on the court’s first legal research terminal, which she said resembled a red microwave oven.

“The speed at which we can complete requests has grown exponentially,” she said. “Research that once took days now takes hours. Adopting new and emerging technologies has been key to being able to better answer judges’ questions.”

Today, Creech and her colleagues spend most of their time using large online research databases for materials to help judges prepare to render decisions. Creech is one of 13 circuit librarians who have staff throughout the circuit at various court locations. This model ensures judges and court staff receive timely support, while also assisting in reducing building space and personnel costs.

The U.S. Courts Library Program, which brings together all 13 circuit librarians and other federal court librarians, is working to ensure that the libraries maintain essential services, while reducing their space footprint to accommodate changing technology.

“New technologies have allowed librarians to prune back duplicative law book collections and economize their overall physical footprint, while still maintaining essential services,” Michalowskij said.

Creech said, “Information overload is a real issue. We’re here as research specialists to help find the needle in the haystack so judges can render timely and informed decisions.”

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Colorful brushstrokes adorn the entryway walls of the newly built federal courthouse in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, paying homage to the nearby Susquehanna River. The expansive mural is visible from the outside through large full-height windows, which provide natural light throughout the building.

“Our new Middle District of Pennsylvania courthouse is a modern, light-filled architectural gem that should serve the court, attorneys, litigants, and the public with style and efficiency for decades,” said Chief Judge Matthew W. Brann.

On Monday, the public opening of the Sylvia H. Rambo U.S. Courthouse marked the conclusion of a decades-long effort to work with the General Services Administration (GSA) to secure funding to build a safer space for those visiting the federal court in the Middle District of Pennsylvania.

The 243,000-square-foot courthouse, located at the corner of Sixth and Reily streets, replaces the Ronald Reagan Federal Building and U.S. Courthouse, where shackled detainees shared the same building entrance as court visitors and could end up riding the elevator with the judge or jurors involved in their case.

“The Reagan building wasn’t designed with court operations in mind and had some pretty glaring security flaws,” said Clerk of Court Peter J. Welsh. “We put the safety of our visitors, judges, and staff at the forefront when designing the new space.”

The new courthouse has restricted corridors and elevators to allow secure, efficient movement around the building of prisoners, judges, judicial staff, and visitors.

In late 2015, Congress appropriated $948 million to fund eight new courthouse projects, including Harrisburg, which is the most Congress has funded in recent decades.

“While Congress’s approval of these projects may not be unprecedented, it is certainly unusual in modern times,” said Judge Jeffrey J. Helmick, chair of the Judicial Conference’s Space and Facilities Committee. “This investment is essential to providing access and safety to all — jurors, lawyers, court employees, parties to a case, and the public – so that they may focus on the administration of justice in a fitting setting. Everyone in the Judiciary, and the public at large, should be grateful to Congress, the General Services Administration, and the Judiciary for coming together to tackle the often urgent needs these new courthouse projects address.”

The new facility includes eight courtrooms, 11 judges’ chambers and space for the bankruptcy bench, probation and pretrial services offices, U.S. marshal’s office, and U.S. attorney’s office as well as GSA and U.S. Trustees. It also offers state of the art audio-video technology.

A display in the new courthouse details the legal career of Judge Sylvia H. Rambo, who was appointed to the federal bench in 1979, as part of a historic class of women federal judges.

“The Court is pleased that our new courthouse bears the name of our friend and colleague, the Honorable Sylvia H. Rambo, Senior United States District Judge, who has labored for the past thirty years to see this project to completion,” Brann said.

“Even as I stand here today, it feels unreal,” Rambo said during the courthouse naming ceremony last June. “As one of four children raised by a struggling German immigrant mother, I could never have imagined the life that has been bestowed on me, or on my name.”  

Related Topics: Courthouses

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About 2,000 attorneys and law students spoke with federal judges during a recent symposium, which was simultaneously broadcast in 38 cities, about the many paths to becoming a bankruptcy or magistrate judge.

“The more we share our own journeys to the bench with those in the legal field, the more we demystify the judicial position and application process,” said Judge Stephanie Dawkins Davis, of the Sixth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals. “People often think of judges as these larger-than-life figures, but really, we’re all just people. And many of the people I speak with at events like this are just as qualified, if not more.”

The April 3 event, titled “Roadways to the Bench: Who Me? A Bankruptcy or Magistrate Judge?” was sponsored by the Judicial Conference Committees on the Administration of the Bankruptcy System and the Administration of the Magistrate Judges System. Law students and lawyers were encouraged to consider pursuing Judiciary career opportunities, with the goal of expanding the pipeline of candidates for the bankruptcy and magistrate judges’ bench.

Unlike appellate and district judges, who are nominated by the President and confirmed to life terms by the Senate, bankruptcy and magistrate judges are appointed by other judges to renewable terms.

The thought, “Who me?” echoed in now-Magistrate Judge Shaniek Mills Maynard’s mind as she wrestled with the decision to apply for a seat in the Southern District of Florida in 2017.

“I didn’t think of myself as the most likely candidate, there wasn’t really anyone who looked like me on the bench in the county where I lived. Plus, I had spent the last three years outside of the courtroom running a non-profit,” Maynard said. “I think a lot of very good, very qualified lawyers rule themselves out because they don’t think they fit the mold.”

A panel of federal judges, meeting at the District of Columbia Bar headquarters, kicked off the event by explaining the magistrate judge and bankruptcy judgeship application process, how to succeed as a judge, and the importance of diversity on the bench. The panelists were: Judge Stephanie Dawkins Davis; Judge Laura Taylor Swain, of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York; Judge Kesha L. Tanabe, of the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Minnesota; Magistrate Judge Mustafa T. Kasubhai, of the U.S. District Court for the District of Oregon; and Judge Carl E. Stewart, of the Fifth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals, who moderated.

This is the Judiciary’s second iteration of the national diversity event for law students and attorneys. The last program in 2019 informed law students and attorneys about federal judgeships, with a spotlight on the bankruptcy bench and bar. Afterward, a number of attendees applied for bankruptcy judgeships, and at least 10 have since joined the bench. The Roadways program aligns with the Strategic Plan for the Federal Judiciary, said Maynard and Bankruptcy Judge Peter D. Russin, who both participated at the Miami event location.

“Diversity promotes public confidence in the judicial system,” Russin said. “We all bring different life experiences to our sense of justice. Diverse life experiences on the Judiciary allows the Judiciary to better reflect the society it serves, which is fundamental to achieving true justice.”

Following the broadcast, each location hosted roundtable discussions. Approximately 600 federal judges attended the discussions throughout the country to speak with participants in small group settings about their paths to the bench and careers in the law.

Veronica Brown-Moseley, a consumer bankruptcy attorney in Richmond, Virginia, who attended the program for the second time, said the opportunity to be in a room full of judges is priceless.

“It’s just such an inspiring program. It’s rare to have the opportunity to meet judges from all around the country, build relationships, learn from their experiences, gain insights, and learn about the skills that would be helpful for an aspiring judge,” she said.

Andrew O’Keefe, a law clerk who attended the event in Phoenix, said, “Judges can seem unapproachable because they are in this very esteemed position. But having the opportunity to hear their story and speak to them in a more intimate setting helps relieve those nerves.”

Presley Klinger, a law student who attended the event in New York City, said, “Getting to be across the table from a judge is something that doesn’t happen frequently, especially as a law student. We had conversations about who they are, what they bring to the bench, and the perspectives that they have.”

Judges who participated in the symposium agreed that interacting with students and lawyers outside the courtroom is an important step in casting a wider net to attract the broadest possible pool of qualified applicants.

“There are so many people who have questions and are interested in joining the federal bench, but don’t know who to ask or where to go,” said Magistrate Judge Sarah L. Cave, of the Southern District of New York. “The event creates an opportunity for those questions to be answered and for participants to realize that they too can gain or already possess many of the attributes that would make them a wonderful candidate to serve as a federal court judge.”

“We hope participants leave the event convinced that the judicial path is open to everyone,” Davis said.

Related Topics: Judges & Judgeships